Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Pesantren Al-Islam dan Darul Abror (Antara Tradisional dan Modern)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe the curriculum, methods, and evaluation system for learning Arabic at the Islamic Boarding School “Al-Islam” Kemuja and the Islamic Boarding School “Darul Abror” Kace, as well as a comparison between learning Arabic at the Islamic Boarding School “Al-Islam” Kemuja and the Islamic Boarding School “Darul Abror” Kace. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques such as interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that the Arabic Language Curriculum at the Islamic Boarding School Al-Islam Kemuja is in the form of the Ministry of Religion Curriculum and the Islamic Boarding School Curriculum (Salafiyah Program). The study focused more on the yellow book (Turats). Meanwhile, the Arabic curriculum at the Islamic Boarding School “Darul Abror” Kace is in the form of the Ministry of Religion Curriculum for MA and Diknas Curriculum for SMP. In addition, it also implements the Pesantren Curriculum which is adopted from the Gontor Curriculum but is adapted to the characteristics of the local culture (Bangka people). The Arabic learning methods at the Islamic Boarding School “Al-Islam” Kemuja are as follows: Classical (adjusting to the material), Translated Grammar (Yellow Book), Demonstration (for mufrodat memorization), while the Arabic learning method at Darul Abror Kace Islamic Boarding School is Classical (Diknas curriculum) and Ministry of Religion), Direct Method (language of instruction: Arabic) for Islamic Subject and Arabic Language, Daily Habit (Muhadatsah) (weekly Arabic and English), Memorization Repetition (mufrodat) and sentence examples, Demonstration (Muhadatsah) every Sunday, Watching Arabic language films (for Istima '), and Arabic drama performances. The evaluation system for learning Arabic at Pesantren Al-Islam Kemuja and Pesantren Darul Abror Kace refers to the Ministry of Religion. (UTS and UAS). In addition, at the Al-Islam Islamic Boarding School there is an evaluation of the ability to read and understand the Kitab Kuning (written and practical exams), as well as practice exams (for mufrodats and Muhadatsah in Arabic). At Darul Abror Islamic Boarding School there is also an evaluation through observation of the use of Arabic in everyday life, and for students who violate it, they are given punishment.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kurikulum, metode, dan sistem
evaluasi pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Pesantren Al-Islam Kemuja dan Pesantren Darul
Abror Kace, serta perbandingan antara pembelajaran bahasa Arab di Pesantren Al-Islam
Kemuja dan Pesantren Darul Abror Kace. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan
deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan
dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kurikulum Bahasa Arab di Pesantren
Al-Islam Kemuja berupa Kurikulum Kemenag dan juga Kurikulum Pesantren (Program
Salafiyah). Kajian lebih difokuskan pada Kitab kuning (Turats). Sedangkan Kurikulum
Bahasa Arab di Pesantren Darul Abror Kace berupa Kurikulum Kemenag. untuk MA dan
Kurikulum Diknas untuk SMP. Selain itu juga menerapkan Kurikulum Pesantren yang
diadopsi dari Kurikulum Gontor namun disesuaikan dengan karakteristik budaya lokal
(masyarakat Bangka). Metode pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Pesantren Al-Islam Kemuja
adalah sebagai berikut: Klasikal (menyesuaikan dengan materi), Gramatika terjemah
(Kitab Kuning), Demonstrasi (untuk hafalan mufrodat), adapun Metode pembelajaran
Bahasa Arab di Pesantren Darul Abror Kace adalah Klasikal (kurikulum Diknas dan
Kemenag), Metode langsung (bahasa pengantar: Bahasa Arab) untuk Mapel Keislaman
dan Bahasa Arab, Pembiasaan (Muhadatsah) sehari-hari (Arab dan Inggris mingguan),
Pengulangan Hafalan (mufrodat) dan contoh-contoh kalimat, Demonstrasi (Muhadatsah)
setiap minggu, Menonton Film berbahasa Arab (untuk Istima’), Pertunjukan drama
berbahasa Arab. Sistem evaluasi pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Pesantren Al-Islam
Kemuja dan Pesantren Darul Abror Kace mengacu ke Kemenag. (UTS dan UAS). Selain
itu di Pesantren Al-Islam ada evaluasi terhadap Kemampuan membaca dan memahami
Kitab Kuning (Ujian tertulis dan Praktek), serta Ujian Praktek (untuk mufrodat dan
Muhadatsah bahasa Arab). Di Pesantren Darul Abror juga ada evaluasi melalui observasi
terhadap penggunaan bahasa Arab dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, dan bagi santri yang
melanggar diberikan punishment.
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